Charles williams



C. WILLIAMS.

Heating Drum. y

No. 20,132. Patented April 27, 1858l i -l tt l N. PETERS, Hwwuthugnptm, washimm, ILC.

UNITED STATES PATEN T OFFICE.

CHARLES WILLIAMS, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF AND CHARLES J. SHEIARD, OF SAME PLACE.

SIPI-IONIC RADIATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 20,182, dated April 27, 1858.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, CHARLES WILLIAMS, of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented, made, and applied to use a new and useful Apparatus for Heating Purposes, which I term a 'Siplionic Radiator; and I do hereby declare that `the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had -to the annexed drawing, making part of this specification, wherein- Figure l, is a sectional plan of my radiator, and Fig. 2, is a vert-ical section of the same.

Similar marks of reference denote the same parts.

In the construction of stoves, furnaces and steam and hot water apparatus for heating purposes it is sought to economize space, and at the same time present a large surface to the action of the fire or heat, and also for the radiation of heat to the sur- Grounding air, but said air is generally quiescent, except the slight circulation caused by the radiation to the air immediately in contact with the outside of the apparatus. To induce a circulation of greater force to carry off the heat more rapidly, pipes have been made use of, passing horizontally into the apparatus and then turning up vertically, but in this case considerable diiiiculty is experienced in fitting such circulating pipes into place, and keeping them in repair.

The nature of my said invention therefore does not consist in the use of circulating hot air pipes in the furnace, but it does consist in the use of an inverted siphon, or what I term a siphonic radiator, composed of a descending and ascending limb so proportioned to each other that the superior force of the air in the ascending limb or limbs shall cause a downward circulation through the descending limb or limbs; and this I accomplish by means of a bent pipe with two vertical limbs of unequal lengths, or by a bent or inverted siphonic pipe having the limbs of an equal or nearly equal length, but

of unequal areas, the circulation being induced by the superior force of the ascending current in the pipe or limb of the largest area inducing a descending current through the limb of smaller area.

In the drawing I have represented my siphonic radiator in a form which I believe to be best adapted to general use, although the same might be varied so long as the feature of circulation above set forth is maintained.

(c, is the lower casing or furnace of any desired size or shape in which the fire is built as at b, and the products of combustion conveyed away'in any usual manner.

c, is a. ring flange joining the furnace casing a, to the upper casing d, and e, is the top or cover to said casing d.

f f f are pipes passing down through the ring ange c, and connecting through the foot pieces z', with the vertical pipes g, g, g. The sectional plan view Fig. l, shows the manner in which I connect the respective pipes f to the pipes g, so as to obtain as many pipes as possible in a given space and maintain the circulation as specified.

My apparatus has, among others, the following beneficial features. lst all expansion and contraction can take place without disturbing the joints. 2nd a powerful circulation is induced to carry oif the heat from the apparatus as fast as possible, and the descending and then ascending current of air acts in the most eflicient manner to take up the heat. 3rd the circulating pipes can be brought in such close proximity to the fire that the heat is taken from the hottest' part in a far more economical manner than can be done where the heat is diffused through an extensive apparatus. 4th the circulation conveys the heat awa-y from the pipes to prevent them burning, whereas if radiation alone were depended on the parts would soon be destroyed by the heat.

I do not claim a hot air chamber or retort, placed in a furnace over the fire and supplied with air by a pipe orv pipes placed nearly horizontal, as such has before been used, neither do I claim inducing a downbustion as ythis has heretofore been used both other; and operating substantially as and Ward circulation of the products of cmand connected at their lower ends to each 1o in the lues of chimneys, furnaces, &c., butl for the purposes specified.

What I claim as my invention and desire g In Witness whereof I have hereunto set to secure by Letters Patent is my signature this sixth day of July, 1857. The siphonic clrculating and radiating i CHARLES WILLIAMS.

pipes, formed With two or more vertical or Vitnesses: nearly vertical limbs, attached at their upper LEMUEL W. SERRELL, ends to the shell or casing of the furnace i THOMAS Gr. HAROLD. 

